Sporting activity is an excellent way for children to develop motor skills and coordination, improv- ing their fitness and health in addition to developing important “life” skills related to interacting with other people, teamwork, communication, hardship, and sacrifice. From a health perspective, the daily pattern of activity in children has changed immensely and the ways in which children go about their day have changed. For example, a 2011 report by kids and gaming indicated that the per- centage of 2–17-year olds who regularly play various technology-based games increased by 12.9%; when compared to 2009, those figures have increased from 9% of all kids in the ages of 2–17 years (NPD 2011). In what is viewed by many to be highly related to these data, activity levels exhibit a consistent decline across adolescence, whereby less than three out of every 10 U.S. high school students participate in the recommended 60 minutes of daily physical activity (Figure 1.1) (Centers for Disease Control 2012). Moreover, Lee and colleagues in 2007 reported that middle school stu- dents log an average of 40 minutes of physical activity each day, again, less than the recommended amounts (Lee et al. 2007). While other factors remain as to why physical activity is declining, these data contribute to a myriad of factors that unfortunately has resulted in childhood obesity becoming an epidemic that spans the globe. To this point, approximately 17% or 12.5 million, U.S. children and adolescents between the ages of 2 and 19 are classified as obese (with a body mass index [BMI] greater than the 95th percentile), while nearly 155 million school-aged children worldwide are con- sidered overweight or obese (Ogden et al. 2014). These data are particularly problematic because obese boys are 11% less likely to be physically active when compared to normal or even overweight boys, while obese and overweight girls are 5% less likely to get the recommended amounts of physi- cal activity when compared to normal weight girls (Figure 1.2) (Centers for Disease Control 2012).